Answer:
[Updates on rickets and osteomalacia: mechanism and regulation of bone mineralization]. ... Bone is mineralized when hydroxyapatite crystals derived from calcium ions and inorganic phosphate (Pi) grow along collagen fibrils in the extracellular matrix. Mineralization is initiated by nucleation of those crystals.
Explanation:
Short term: Your heart beats harder and faster and your blood vessels dilate, pushing more blood into your large muscles and raising your blood pressure.
Long term: Consistently elevated heart rate, blood pressure, and stress hormones can increase your odds of heart attack, stroke, and hypertension.
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Two cups of milk would be needed
Answer:
Many people link nicotine to cancer, especially lung cancer. Nicotine is one of many chemicals in raw tobacco leaves. It survives the manufacturing processes that produce cigarettes, cigars, and snuff. It is the addictive element in all forms of tobacco.
Researchers are looking at how nicotine contributes to the development of cancer. While it may be too early to say nicotine causes cancer, questions are being raised about how the chemical acts in non-tobacco forms like e-cigarettes and nicotine-replacement patches. Researchers are discovering that the connection between nicotine and cancer is more complicated than commonly thought.cancer-causing effects:
In small doses, nicotine speeds up cell growth. In larger doses, it’s poisonous to cells.
