Answer and Explanation: Nondisjunction occurs when sister chromatids are not pulled apart at anaphase II. This will cause both sister chromatids/ homologous chromosomes to be pulled to just one pole of the cell.
Since the anaphase I stage in Meiosis I occurred without errors, this would result in four haploid gametes being produced.
However, two of these gametes will be normal, will have the normal number of chromosomes. The other two gametes would have an abnormal number of chromosomes and be aneuploid. One would have n+1 number of chromosomes, and the other would be n-1.
Temperate environment have the best soil in the world because of higher nutrient levels.
<h3>What is soil?</h3>
Soil is the topmost layer of the earth on which plants grow.
Types of soil include:
- loamy soil
- sandy soil
- clayey soil
The best soil for plant growth is loamy soil because it contains the most nutrients.
Temperate environment have the best soil in the world because of higher nutrient levels.
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The incorporation of valinomycin, a neutral antibiotic, into a polyvinyl chloride membrane allows for the manufacture of an ion-selective electrode that is highly selective for potassium.
<h3>How Valinomycin Ionophores Enter and Transport K+ across Model Lipid Bilayer Membranes?</h3>
- A biomimetic lipid membrane attached to the surface of the gold electrode contained the cyclic peptide valinomycin.
- The ionophore characteristics of the peptide were investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and the conformation and orientation of the antibiotic valinomycin within the membrane were identified using polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy.
- By forming a complex with potassium ions and an ion pair with a counter anion, valinomycin transports ions across the membrane, and the combination of these two techniques revealed novel information about the ionophore mechanism.
- The ion pair is located inside the hydrophobic portion of the membrane and makes a little angle of around 22° with the surface normal.
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Answer:
C. disruptive natural selection
Explanation:
Disruptive selection is a type of natural selection in which extreme phenotypes are favored over intermediate phenotypes in a population. Environmental change is a major factor that can bring about disruptive selection. The individuals with the extreme phenotypes adapt well and are able to survive in the particular environment, while those individuals with intermediate phenotypes would hardly survive or be greatly reduced in number.
The gray rock outcrops and the brown soils of the Island favors the survival of mice with brown and gray fur color respectively. The fur colors of these two extreme phenotypes in the population of mice, have helped both varieties against Hawks as their main predators, hence establishing their existence on the Island.
The process is photosynthesis
