Question

The difference in the goals of working-class parents and middle-class parents in rearing their children was found by Melvin Kohn and Carmi Schooler to be most related to...
The parent's income.
The family's neighborhood.
Opportunities presented throughout the life course.
The degree of individual freedom the parents had in their jobs.

Answer 1

According to the mentioned sociologists, the conditions of work, life, and environment influence the structure and way of thinking of a person. Sociologists deal with, among tje others, the relationship between work imperatives and personality flexibility. There are three ideas of personality flexibility: orientation to self and to society and the feeling of distress. Jobs that enable the conditions of self-directed work lead to the idea of ​​personality flexibility and self-directed orientation towards yourself and society. Repressive working conditions lead to distress. Accordingly, working conditions lead to the formation of a personality structure, more or less flexibility and self-oriented orientation. This again leads to jobs that provide greater freedom for professional self-management. Thus the working conditions in these two classes differ in the possibility of choosing better jobs, and the formation of the personality structure and attitude during the life cycle. Where the conditions are more repressive, the structure of personality towards self-orientation and jobs that provide more freedom are much less developed, and therefore the goals differ, depending on the existing possibilities throughout the life cycle.

The answer is: C.