D would be the answer to this question
Answer/Explanation:
(1) a mutation in the coding region, resulting in an inactive protein
To check to see if there is a mutation, you could extract the DNA from the cancer cells and then perform PCR to amplify the gene of interest. You could then perform sanger sequencing and compare the sequence to the normal gene to see if a mutation is present. To test the effect of the mutation, you would want to see if an active protein has been formed.
To see if a normal sized protein has been formed, you could perform a western blot, comparing the protein band to the WT protein band. If the protein is absent or much smaller, it is likely not a functional protein.
(2) epigenetic silencing at the promoter of the gene, resulting in reduced transcription.
To check for changes in the epigenetic landscape of the promoter, you could perform chromatin immunoprecipitation by extracting the chromatin from the tumour cells and using antibodies for different chromatin marks to see what has changed between the normal cells and the tumor cells. E.g. H3K9me3, H3K27me3. You would perform a pull down with the antibody of interest and then PCR for your promoter to specifically look at changes at that gene compared to normal cells. To test DNA methylation, you could perform bisulfite sequencing.
To see how transcription is affected, you could extract RNA from the tumor and normal cells, and compare the levels of RNA between the two samples by qRT-PCR
It would me 50% because when you are born you take from one side or the other with hair and eye color
Individuals in selective breeding should be of the similar species. Scientists use GMO to generate new gene combinations. Genes pair on their own through selective breeding.
<h3>What is genetic modification?</h3>
A technique to change the characteristics of a plant, animal, or microorganism by swapping a piece of DNA from one organism to an another organism is referred to as gene modification.
Selective breeding entails selecting parents with specific characteristics to breed with in order to generate offspring with more desirable characteristics.
Individuals in selective breeding should be of a similar species. Scientists use GMOs to generate new gene combinations. Genes pair on their own through selective breeding.
Thus, this is the difference between selective breeding and genetic modification.
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