Answer:
In biology, adaptationism is the perspective that considers that the majority of traits are optimal adaptations achieved by natural selection.
Explanation:
Among his most famous defenders are John Maynard Smith, W.D. Hamilton, Richard Dawkins and Daniel Dennett. Adaptationism has been criticized by authors such as Stephen Jay Gould and Richard Lewontin.
Stephen J. Gould summarizes the "adaptationist program" in the following arguments:
- Adaptation is the central phenomenon of evolution, and the key to understanding its mechanisms.
- Natural selection builds adaptation.
- Natural selection maintains an overwhelmingly predominant relative frequency as a cause of adaptation. Variation only provides raw material and cannot do the job without help.
<u>Characteristics of adaptationism
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Gould and Lewontin (1979) summarize the following way of proceeding from the adaptationist program:
- Atomization of the organism: division of the organism into discrete and disconnected features.
- Optimization of the parts by natural selection.
- Explanation of the adaptations.
Answer:
it is also transfer in chemical energy
Answer:
covalent bond
it has 1 (outer most shell)
it has 7 (outter most shell)
hydrogen gains 1 chlorine gains 1
Explanation:
covalent bond as atoms share electrons to achieve full outer shell if electrons
hydrogen gains one to achieve 2 electrons in outer shell
chlorine gains 1 to achieve 8 electrons in outer shell
Answer:Amphibians evolved during the middle of the Devonian period (416 to 359 million years ago) from the lobe-finned fish of the vertebrate class Sarcopterygii. Species within the genus Ichthyostega (members of the Labyrinthodontia subclass) are considered by some scientists to be the earliest amphibians.
Explanation:
