Nucleotide bases are added to DNA strands in a 5' to 3' direction.
What is DNA replication?
When a cell divides, DNA copies itself through a process called replication.
- Generally speaking, DNA replication involves uncoiling the helix, strand separation by rupturing the hydrogen bonds between the complementary strands, and synthesis of two new strands through complimentary base pairing.
- The origin of replication, which is a precise location in the DNA, is where replication starts.
- From the point of origin, DNA replication is bidirectional.
- The two parent DNA strands unwind and split apart at the origin of replication to generate two "Y-shaped" replication forks in order to start DNA replication.
- These unwinding enzymes are known as DNA helicases.
- The real location of DNA copying is at these replication forks.
- Proteins that destabilize helices bind to the single-stranded areas to prevent the two strands from rejoining.
- To reduce stress on the helical molecule during replication, enzymes known as topoisomerases cause breaks in the DNA and then reunite them.
- The hydrogen bonding of free DNA nucleotides with those on each parent strand results in the formation of new complementary strands as the strands continue to unwind and split in both directions around the entire DNA molecule.
- The new nucleotides are joined by DNA polymerases using phosphodiester bonds as they align themselves opposite each parent strand using hydrogen bonds.
- Deoxynucleotide triphosphates, which are made up of a nitrogenous base called deoxyribose and three phosphates, are the actual nucleotides that are aligning through complementary base pairing.
- Two of the phosphates are withdrawn to provide energy for bonding as the phosphodiester bond forms between the 3' OH of the previous nucleotide in the DNA strand and the 5' phosphate group of the next nucleotide.
- In the end, two identical DNA molecules are created when each parent strand acts as a template for the synthesis of a complementary copy of itself.
Hence, nucleotide bases are added to DNA strands in a 5' to 3' direction.
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Answer:
cytoplasm
Explanation:
I rlly hope this helps. its what I remember but goodluck
Explanation:
The Chandra X-ray observatory or CXC for its acronym in English, is an artificial satellite launched by NASA on July 23, 1999. It was named in honor of Indian physicist Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, one of the founders of astrophysics, who determined the boundary mass at which white dwarfs become a neutron star. In addition, Chandra means "moon" in Sanskrit.
The Chandra Observatory is the third of the Great Observatories of NASA. The first was the Hubble Space Telescope, the second was the Gamma Compton Ray Observatory, launched in 1991 and already disintegrated, and the last was the Spitzer Space Telescope. Before launching the Chandra Observatory was known as AXAF by the acronym in English of Advanced X-ray Astronomical Facility.
As the Earth's atmosphere absorbs most X-rays, conventional telescopes cannot detect them and a space telescope is necessary for their study.
In 1976 Riccardo Giacconi and Harvey Tananbaum proposed to NASA the idea of the Chandra Observatory, beginning preliminary work at the Marshall Space Flight Center. Meanwhile, in 1978, NASA launched the first X-ray space telescope, the Einstein (HEAO-2).
Despite this, work on the Chandra project continued during the 1980s and 1990s, but in 1992 the ship was redesigned to reduce costs. Four of the twenty mirrors that the observatory was going to dispose of were removed, and an elliptical orbit with which it would reach a third of the distance to the moon was calculated. This eliminated the possibility of being repaired by the space shuttle, but placed the observatory outside the influence of the earth's radiation belts most of its orbit.
C. Warm air is less dense than cooler air. Air density varies with the relative humidity (amount of water vapor molecules in the air) along with temperature.)
Binary fission is a type of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotes, such as archaea and bacteria.
Binary fission is the formation of daughter cells by the separation of an organism into two parts. The division of the genetic material occurs by the method of duplication. The daughter cells are identical to each other. The examples of organisms that undergo binary fission are: Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica and Clostridium botulinum.
Asexual reproduction is the process of producing new organism without the fusion of gametes. Only one parent can give rise to offspring. There are several methods of asexual reproduction. These are: binary fission, fragmentation, budding, vegetative propagation and spore formation.
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