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Explanation:
The human erythrocyte adopts a distinctive biconcave disc form in vivo. ... It has been suggested that this shape maximises the surface area to volume ratio and thus expedites diffusion.
Answer:
D. 4E-BP1 binding to elF4E prevents loading of the mRNA onto the ribosome.
Explanation
In eukaryotic organisms, the eIF4E translation initiation factor functions by directing the ribosomes to the 5'-terminal cap structure of the messenger RNA (mRNA) in order to start the translation. Moreover, phosphorylation is a posttranslational modification of specific amino acids on proteins that play diverse cellular functions by altering protein stability, location, and/or enzymatic activity. It has been shown that elF4E phosphorylation is increased in response to cellular stimuli that induce translation in the ribosomes (e.g., growth factors, hormones, etc). The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E)-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) is a repressor of mRNA translation which is phosphorylated and inactivated by growth factors and hormones, thereby inhibiting 4E-BP1 binding to elF4E and consequently activating translation.
Answer:
Eukaryotes
Explanation:
Eukaryotic cells have membrane bound organelles.
Prokaryotic cells do NOT have membrane bound organelles.
So, a Eukaryotic cell has structures such as a nucleus, mitochondria, a golgi complex, etc. This provides the cells with distinct stuctures that have distinct functions.
consider the expression of a protein (protein synthesis.) Transcription of the DNA into RNA happens within the nucleus. The mRNA is sent from the nucleus to the cyctoplasm, where translation occurs at either the rough endoplasmic reticulum or the free floating ribosomes.
A prokaryotic cell has all of its machinery floating around inside its cytoplasm with no separation. In these cells, transcription and translation both occur in the cytoplasm. In fact, translation often begins before transcription is finished...
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