If you are operating a boat and you hear <span>the fog signal of another boat you cannot see, you should immediately reverse the engine or even stop it if you can do that (for the safety of everyone).
Then, you should ask someone else to go to the bow and assist in looking (maybe he/she can see the other boat that you cannot see) </span><span />
<u><em>In accordance with the International Regulation for the prevention of collisions at sea</em></u><u>:
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<u>1.- A sailing boat has a passing preference over a motorized boat, </u><u>except when the motor boat is limited by its draft</u><u>.
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<u>2.- The sailboat must maintain its course and speed.
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<u>3.- </u><em><u>If it is evident that the PWC does not respond</u></em><u>, the sailboat must sound the warning signal, and change its course to starboard.
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<u>4.- </u><u><em>All actions must be taken as soon as possible</em></u><u>.
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<u>5.- If a sailboat is using its engine, the situation changes, and in that case, both ships must alter to starboard.</u>
Answer:
Part a)

Part b)

Explanation:
Part a)
As we know that electric field intensity due to some given charge distribution is given as

now electric flux through a spherical surface of radius r is given as


now by Guass law we know that


now volume charge density is given as


Part b)
Total charge inside the radius R is given as

Answer:
A negative potential energy becomes more negative
Explanation:
Let the charges be - Q₁ and Q₂ . Let the distance between them be d .
Potential energy = k -Q₁x Q₂ / R
= - KQ₁ Q₂ / R
Now if the magnitude of R decreases , the magnitude of potential energy increases . So we see that the negative potential energy becomes more negative .