1.) Two changes are in the shape and function of the blood cells. Healthy RBCs (red blood cells) are biconcave and can stack, making them able to travel through narrow or curved passageways. However, individuals with sickle cell anemia have RBCs that are more rigid, making them difficult to travel through a lot of passages. Also, they die out more quickly and are more likely to cause blockages and rupture. 2.) As stated above, issues include organ damage due to lack of blood flow and filtration of toxic substances. Another issue, the worst result, is death. This can be caused by a lot of side effects. One can be the blood doesn’t get efficiently to or filter out of the kidneys.
Active transport is the energy-requiring process of pumping molecules and ions across membranes "uphill" against a gradient. The active transport of small molecules orions across a cell membrane is generally carried out by transport proteins that are found in the membrane.
