Answer: 0.69 m/ mile.
Explanation:
The altitude gradient between two cities X and Y = 
Given: Two cities are separated by 200 miles.
City X has an altitude of 122 meters.
City Y has an altitude of 260 meters.
The altitude gradient between two cities X and Y =
Hence, the altitude gradient between the two cites = 0.69 m/ mile.
GAU to GAC is least likely to change phenotype of an organism.
<h3><u>Explanation</u>:</h3>
Phenotype of an organism is defined as the physical characteristics of an organism. This phenotype is dependent on the genotype of the organisms. This means the phenotypic characters are actually the expressions of the genes of the organisms. Now the genes are expressed in form of codons that are the three nitrogen base sequences. Each codon codes for a particular amino acid which in turn polymerises to from the protein which actually forms the phenotype of the organism.
Now there are 20 amino acids and 64 codons. Thus there are more than 1 codons for a single amino acid. So, if a codon is replaced by another codon which codes for same amino acid, then the phenotype is least likely to be affected.
Both the GAU and GAC codes for aspartic acid. So the phenotype won't be affected much by this mutation
<span>Protein synthesis is controlled by the nucleus</span>
Solar radiation, because it hasn't (at least noticeably) affected hawks.
Answer: The Principle of Original Horizontality
Explanation: The Principle of Original Horizontality states that layers of sediment are at first deposited horizontally below the movement of gravity. It is a relative relationship technique. The precept is critical to the evaluation of folded and tilted strata.
