Answer:
The theoretical yield of sodium chloride is 5.3 grams
Explanation:
Step 1: Data given
Mass of hydrochloric acid (HCl) = 3.3 grams
Mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) = 4.6 grams
Molar mass HCl = 36.46 g/mol
Molar mass NaOH = 40.0 g/mol
Step 2: The balanced equation
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
Step 3: Calculate moles
Moles = mass / molar mass
Moles HCl = 3.3 grams / 36.46 g/mol
Moles HCl = 0.0905 moles
Moles NaOH = 4.6 grams / 40.0 g/mol
Moles NaOH = 0.115 moles
Step 4: Calculate limiting reactant
For 1 mol HCl we need 1 mol NaOH to produce1 mol NaCl and 1 mol H2O
HCl is the limiting reactant.It will completely be consumed (0.0905 moles). NaOh is in excess. There will react 0.0905 moles. There will remain 0.115 - 0.0905 = 0.0245 moles NaOH
Step 5: Calculate moles NaCl
For 1 mol HCl we need 1 mol NaOH to produce1 mol NaCl and 1 mol H2O
For0.0905 moles HCl we'll have 0.0905 moles NaCl
Step 6: Calculate the theoretical yield of NaCl
Mass NaCl = moles NaCl * molar mass NaCl
Mass NaCl = 0.0905 * 58.44 g/mol
Mass NaCl = 5.3 grams
The theoretical yield of sodium chloride is 5.3 grams