The answer would be C: Rheostat. :)
a) 1.57 m/s
The sock spins once every 2.0 seconds, so its period is
T = 2.0 s
Therefore, the angular velocity of the sock is

The linear speed of the sock is given by

where
is the angular velocity
r = 0.50 m is the radius of the circular path of the sock
Substituting, we find:

B) Faster
In this case, the drum is twice as wide, so the new radius of the circular path of the sock is twice the previous one:

At the same time, the drum spins at the same frequency as before, therefore the angular frequency as not changed:

Therefore, the new linear speed would be:

And substituting,

So, we see that the linear speed has doubled.
Copper, because it has the lowest specific electrical resistance.
specific electrical resistance aka volume resistivity is a fundamental property of a material that quantifies how strongly that material opposes the flow of electric current. A low resistivity indicates a material that readily allows the flow of electric current.
ANSWER:
The easiest way to get a fairly accurate measure of your water flow rate is to time yourself filling up a bucket. So for example if you fill up a 10 litre bucket in 1.5 minutes, then your flow rate will be: 10/1.5 = 6.66 Litres per minute.