Question

Why does photosynthesis require water? a. because water provides oxygen atoms. b. because water provides electrons . c. because water accepts electrons. d. because water acts as a catalyst.

Answer 1

Photosynthesis requires water because water provides electrons.

Further Explanation:

Photosynthesis starts with the absorption of solar or light energy by the plant pigments called chlorophyll. The activated chlorophyll molecule helps in the electron transfer from one acceptor to another forming a chain. Photosynthesis is an anabolic process.  

In photosynthesis reaction, glucose and oxygen produce with the help of water, carbon dioxide and sunlight. In the photosynthesis reaction, six molecules of carbon dioxide and six molecules of water react in presence of the sunlight to make one glucose molecule and the six molecules of oxygen are also produced. The major function of water is to release molecule of oxygen from water into the environment in the form of oxygen gas. Water is breakdown and produces electrons which required to starts the photosystem. It also helps in reducing the NADP to NADPH through photolysis of water.  

${\text{6C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{+6}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}\to{\text{6}}{{\text{C}}_{\text{6}}}{{\text{H}}_{{\text{12}}}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{6}}}{\text{+6}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{ + CHEMICAL ENERGY + ATP}}$  

The photosynthesis reaction is mainly divided into two phases which are:

• Light-dependent phase: In this phase, the absorbed light is utilized to produce molecules which carry energy that is used in second phase of the reaction to form carbohydrates by reducing carbon dioxide

• Light-independent phase: This process utilizes the products formed through the light-dependent phase

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Biology

Chapter: Plant Cell

Keywords:

Light-dependent reaction, thylakoid, stroma, grana, membrane, photosynthesis, light-independent reaction, carbon dioxide, water, chemical energy, anabolic process.

Answer 2

Answer:

The correct answer would be b. because water provides electrons.

During the light reaction of the photosynthesis, the water is photolysed into high energy electrons, hydrogen ions, and oxygen.

The overall reaction can be written as:

2 H₂O + sunlight → 4 H⁺ + 4 e⁻ + O₂

It takes in water-splitting complex associated with photo-system II rooted in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplast.

The oxygen is released as the byproduct of photosynthesis.

The hydrogen ions help in the formation chemiosmotic potential across the thyllakoid membrane which help in the formation of ATP (adenosine triphosphate).

The electrons are used to replace the electrons lost from chlorophyll a of reaction centre associated with photo-system II. The electrons are lost due to the photo-excitation of chlorophyll a.

The electrons lost from chlorophyll a help in the production of ATP and are used to reduce NADP⁺ into NADPH.

The ATP and NADPH are used in light-independent reaction of the photosynthesis to produce glucose or food.