Yes, it is true that Mammalian target of rapamycin pathway mutations cause hemimegalencephaly and focal cortical dysplasia.
Focal malformations of cortical development, including focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) and hemimegalencephaly (HME), are important causes of intractable childhood epilepsy.
Using targeted and exome sequencing on DNA from resected brain samples and non-brain samples from 53 patients with FCD or HME, we identified pathogenic germline and mosaic mutations in multiple PI3K/AKT pathway genes in 9 patients, and a likely pathogenic variant in 1 additional patient.
Our data confirm the association of DEPDC5 with sporadic FCD but also implicate this gene for the first time in HME. Our findings suggest that modulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway may hold promise for malformation-associated epilepsy.
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Answer:
The answer is if the niches of two organisms were moved to the other ecosystem they would compete with one another for the same food and other resources in the environment. Eventually, one species would be likely to outcompete and replace the other.
