A) 1.55
The speed of light in a medium is given by:

where
is the speed of light in a vacuum
n is the refractive index of the material
In this problem, the speed of light in quartz is

So we can re-arrange the previous formula to find n, the index of refraction of quartz:

B) 550.3 nm
The relationship between the wavelength of the light in air and in quartz is

where
is the wavelenght in quartz
is the wavelength in air
n is the refractive index
For the light in this problem, we have

Therefore, we can re-arrange the equation to find
, the wavelength in air:

Answer:
Thermal and kinetic.
Explanation:
Thermal energy is the energy generated by heat. Kinetic energy is the movement of particles in a substance which is responsible for the heat increase.
They don't lose OR gain electrons as they've already achieved the octet rule and have 8 valence electronsn
Answer:
1.when it is closest to the sun
2.when it is midway between its farthest
Explanation:
According to the law of Kepler's
T ² ∝ r³
T=Time period
r=semi major axis
We also know that time period T given as

v=Speed







So we can say that ,when r is more then the speed will be minimum and when r is low then speed will be maximum.