Answer:
No temperature change occurs from heat transfer if ice melts and becomes liquid water (i.e., during a phase change). For example, consider water dripping from icicles melting on a roof warmed by the Sun. Conversely, water freezes in an ice tray cooled by lower-temperature surroundings.
Explanation:
Energy is required to melt a solid because the cohesive bonds between the molecules in the solid must be broken apart such that, in the liquid, the molecules can move around at comparable kinetic energies; thus, there is no rise in temperature. Similarly, energy is needed to vaporize a liquid, because molecules in a liquid interact with each other via attractive forces. There is no temperature change until a phase change is complete. The temperature of a cup of soda initially at 0ºC stays at 0ºC until all the ice has melted. Conversely, energy is released during freezing and condensation, usually in the form of thermal energy. Work is done by cohesive forces when molecules are brought together. The corresponding energy must be given off (dissipated) to allow them to stay together Figure 2.
The energy involved in a phase change depends on two major factors: the number and strength of bonds or force pairs. The number of bonds is proportional to the number of molecules and thus to the mass of the sample. The strength of forces depends on the type of molecules. The heat Q required to change the phase of a sample of mass m is given by
Q = mLf (melting/freezing,
Q = mLv (vaporization/condensation),
where the latent heat of fusion, Lf, and latent heat of vaporization, Lv, are material constants that are determined experimentally.
Answer:
Explanation:
a )
change in the gravitational potential energy of the bear-Earth system during the slide = mgh
= 45 x 9.8 x 11
= 4851 J
b )
kinetic energy of bear just before hitting the ground
= 1/2 m v²
= .5 x 45 x 5.8²
= 756.9 J
c ) If the average frictional force that acts on the sliding bear be F
negative work done by friction
= F x 11 J
then ,
4851 J - F x 11 = 756.9 J
F x 11 = 4851 J - 756.9 J
= 4094.1 J
F = 4094.1 / 11
= 372.2 N
<em>Quantities that determine the kinetic energy of a body are its </em><em>mass and velocity </em>
Answer: <em>mass and velocity </em>
Explanation:
The kinetic energy of a body is the energy possessed by an object by virtue of its motion. It is given by the equation
Where m represents mass of the body and v represents its velocity.
Two bodies of equal velocity but different mass the heavier body will have greater kinetic energy. When an object is at rest its velocity is equal to zero. Thus its kinetic energy will be zero. Hence it can be concluded that only moving bodies have kinetic energy.
Stationary objects placed at a height possess potential energy which is the energy by virtue of their position or configuration. The total mechanical energy of a system is the sum of potential and kinetic energy.
