I think the system you are referring to is the muscular system
Answer:
Within the extracellular fluid, the major cation is sodium and the major anion is chloride.
Chloride is a major contributor to the osmotic pressure gradient between the ICF and ECF, and plays an important role in maintaining proper hydration. It functions to balance cations in the ECF, maintaining the electrical neutrality of this fluid.
Chloride is by large the major anion in the extracellular fluid.
Its concentration in blood plasma is around 98.00–107.00 (mM), in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) around 118.00–132.00 (mM) and in urine around 110.00–250.00 (mM); while the concentrations of bicarbonate (HCO3-), the second most abundant anion in blood is 22.00–29.00 (mM).
Chloride is the predominant extracellular anion. Chloride is a major contributor to the osmotic pressure gradient between the ICF and ECF, and plays an important role in maintaining proper hydration. Chloride functions to balance cations in the ECF, maintaining the electrical neutrality of this fluid.
*ICF = intracellular fluid
ECF = extracellular fluid
There are kingdoms and the kingdoms represent different organisms.
Answer:
P = 0.79.
Explanation:
To solve this, we need to understand the Hardy-Weinburg equation and what each variable is. P is usually used for the dominant trait classification (in this case, it would be long legs) and Q is usually used for the recessive trait classification (in this case, it would be short legs).
Therefore, we know that the values have to add up to 1 and that Q is recessive and P is dominant. So, if we begin applications, we can learn that to equal 1, we must use numbers less than 1 to accomplish this.
If 21 of a 100-person population have short legs, then ideally, 79 people would have long legs (the dominant trait). So, we know that 0.21 as q and 0.79 as p would equal 1 if you just added p and q together. Therefore, we can know that q is 0.21 and p is 0.79.
To prove this, we can insert these values into the equation:
Conjugation and transformation are both kinds of horizontal gene transfer that allow a cell to receive and recombine external DNA. Conjugation involves physical contact between two bacteria using a pilus, through which a copy of plasmid DNA is transferred from the donor (F+) cell to the recipient (F-) cell. Transformation, on the other hand, is simple uptake of naked DNA into a recipient cell from the environment. The DNA usually comes from the leftovers of a dead cell.
