Photosystems 1 and 2 are here
That's what is called competitive enzymatic regulation. If there are more of that substance than the enzyme substrate, then most of the enzyme, if not all depending on the substance's concentration, will be inhibited on its action. If there are more substrate then the competitive substance, the expected reaction for that enzyme will happen at an expected rate. If the ratio substrate:substance is 1:1 then the reaction enzyme-substrate is very slowed down.
<span>Neutral mutations are neither harmful nor beneficial.
Therefore, they are invisible to natural selection. (Since they neither improve nor worsen one individual's chances of survival and reproduction over another.)
However neutral mutations can still spread into the population by just random replications and matings. This is called genetic drift.
In other words, they are 'silent'. They are mutations that exist and propagate in populations, but seem to have no effect at all.
The reason they can become important to evolution is that a day can come when they *do* have an effect. In other words, even though an individual mutation may have no immediate effect on survival or reproduction, a *combination* of neutral mutations may provide some new benefit or harm ... at which point natural selection *will* act on that combination.
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A) 100% red pigment
b) 75% black pigment
c) 25% of offspring is expected to lack both red and black pigments in their skin
75% is my answer! I hope you get it right!
