The contact force is indeed caused by "Contact".
Air resistance is basically a type of friction, which is apparently present providing two object contact.
The rest selections are all interaction force, which is not necessarily caused by contact.
Using the given equation you get:
E = 1.99x10^-25 / 9.0x10^-6
Divide 1.99 by 9.0: 1.99/9.0 = 0.22
For the scientific notation, when dividing subtract the two exponents:
25 -6 = 19
So you now have 0.22 x 10^-19
Now you need to change the 0.22 to be in scientific notation form:
2.2 x 10^-20
The answer is B.
Answer
given,
diameter of the pipe is = (14 ft)4.27 m
minimum speed of the skater must have at very top = ?
At the topmost point of the pipe the normal force will be equal to zero.
F = mg
centripetal force acting on the skateboard

equating both the force equation


r = d/2 = 14/ 2 = 7 ft
or
r = 4.27/2 = 2.135 m
g = 32 ft/s² or g = 9.8 m/s²

v = 14.96 ft/s
or

v = 4.57 m/s
Red shirt appears red because:
a. The shirt reflects red light