A microarray assay (also named DNA chip or biochip) is an approach used in molecular biology to detect simultaneously the expression level of hundreds of genes at the single-cell level. First, the complementary DNA (cDNA) sample is obtained from the total RNA sample. Subsequently, the cDNA is cut with restriction endonucleases and fluorophores are attached to them. Finally. the DNA fragments react with complementary known sequences (also known as probes) in order to identify by fluorescence the genes that are expressed in the sample.
Myosin is a superfamily of proteins responsible for generating the muscle contraction force both in animal and human muscle cells. In this case, the probe corresponds to the complementary sequence of the myosin gene, thereby the binding evidenced the expression of the myosin gene in the cDNA sample.
Mitosis is a type of cell division in which a cell divides into two daughter cells each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. It ensures that every body cell contains the same number of genes as the parent cell. The cell that have 78 chromosomes have undergone mitosis while the other cells that contain 39 chromosomes undergo meiosis.
