(√3 + 1)/8 the answer to the question
Any value which is more than 2 standard deviations away from the mean is considered to be "unusual."
2 standard deviations above the mean 52.4 mp would be 52.4+2(1.8), or 56; 2 std devs below the mean would be 52.4 - 2(1.8), or 48.8. Thus, any value larger than 56 or any value smaller than 48.8 would be "unusual."
54.8, 49.1 and 51.3 are not unusual; 56.5 is unusual, because it's greaster than 56.
I'll start by expanding everything, and 10^(x) means we move the decimal x places to the right. If we move the decimal to the right but there's no number there, that number is 0.
The populations are as follows (in the order in the graph) -
127,180,000
200,000,000
80,619,000
63,708,000
173,615,000
152,510,000
The first difference is the number of digits. The more, the better. The two that stand out at the bottom are Germany and the UK. Next, we look at the leftmost number. Since 6<8, Germany's population > UK's population. All other countries are greater than Germany. Next, we look at the next smallest amount of digits, which is every other country. We look at the first number, which gives us Japan, Nigeria and Bangladesh. Next, we look at the second number, and since 2<5<7, Japan is smaller than Bangladesh and Nigeria is bigger than Bangladesh. Our current list is as follows:
United Kingdom (UK), Germany, Japan, Bangladesh, Nigeria. Since Brazil
has been proven to be greater than the rest (as it has more digits and 2>1), our list is now
United Kingdom (UK), Germany, Japan, Bangladesh, Nigeria, Brazil
