Letter d is correct it us. transforming gene beaniest please add me to
Answer:
A frameshift changes every codon past it. A base substitution only changes one codon.
Explanation:
DNA is comprised of nucleotides (A, C, T, G) that make up amino acids. Every three bases is called a codon and represents an amino acid.
In a frameshift mutation, a nucleotide is either added or deleted from the sequence. This offsets the entire sequence after it because the reading frame shifts. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
If another T is added in between the first and second codons, then every codon after will be changed.
ACT>T<GCTATCGTCATC
A substitution mutation is usually less severe, as it only alters one codon in the sequence. These occur when one nucleotide is replaced by another one. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
Let's say the first G is replaced by a T.
ACT>T<CTATCGTCATC
As you can see, none of the other codons changed.
Typically, a frameshift mutation is considered worse than a substitution mutation.
<span>The main reason surface area to volume ratio is important to a cell is because the surface area to volume ratio determines the rate at which cells uptake nutrients, liquids or gases. For instance, I have two organisms, A and B. Organism A has a surface area to volume ratio of 6:1, whereas organism B has a surface area to volume ratio of 3:1. As organism A has a greater surface area to volume ratio, it means that organism A will be able to take up nutrients, liquids or gases via diffusion or osmosis at a greater rate than organism B, as it has more surface with which to exchange nutrients, liquids or gases. </span>
Fats must be broken down into fatty acids before being converted into glucose. Lipids are known as the back up energy source. They are used to make enzymes, hormones, and antibodies.
