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Answer:
$20,670
Explanation:
Firm A Firm B
Actual Dumping 157 183
Pollution Permits Allotted <u> 11 </u> <u> 11 </u>
Reduction Required 146 172
Cost of Dumping 1 ton $160 $65
As the cost of dumping to Firm A is $160 which is higher than the marginal cost of dumping of Firm B which is $65, so it is better that Firm B take benefit from it by selling it at $65. So now total tons require dumping is 318 tons (146 + 172).
Total cost of reducing pollution = 318 tons * $65 = $20,670
Answer:
A) Higher income taxes will cause a decrease in disposable income and this will affect personal expenditure which will cause the aggregate demand curve to shift leftwards ( decrease in price level and real GDP )
B)
i) Change in input price
ii) Change in production cost
iii) Increase in labor supply or increase in capital stocks
Explanation:
A) Effects of higher income taxes on aggregate demand curve
i) Higher income taxes will cause a decrease in disposable income and this will affect personal expenditure which will cause the aggregate demand curve to shift leftwards ( decrease in price level and real GDP )
B) The factors that will cause the short-run aggregate supply curve to shift
a) Change in input price
b) Change in production cost
c) Increase in labor supply or increase in capital stocks
