Answer: This is because small populations are more prone to disease, inbreeding may result in gentrified disorders, and captive species may not reproduce in the wild.
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Answer:
The charges inside and outside of the neuron before receiving a stimulus are negative and positive, respectively, which corresponds to the transmembrane rest potential.
Explanation:
Neuron is the specialized cell of the nervous system in charge of transmitting electrical impulses. The generation of a nerve impulse in the form of an electric current is due to a change in the transmembrane potential.
<u>Outside the neuron cell, electrical charges are predominantly positive, and the ion with the highest concentration is sodium. In the intracellular space, a great quantity of proteins provide negative charge, and there is a predominance of potassium ions</u>. Under these conditions, the ionic channels are closed.
For this reason, a neuron at rest, before receiving a stimulus, presents positive charges on the outside and negative charges on the inside, and the membrane potential in this condition is estimated at a value of -65 mV.
Once a stimulus is produced, the ionic channels open and Na+ ions enter the cytoplasm, exchanging them for K+, which implies a change in the membrane potential which, on reaching the threshold, produces an action potential and the nerve impulse is produced.
Answer: Although produced in both males and females, by the mid-teens, estradiol production in females is 8 times greater than it was before puberty, while testosterone production in males is 20 times greater than it was before puberty.
Explanation:
Puberty is the transition phase in which somatic growth and sexual development are completed, with the consequent acquisition of reproductive capacity. Estradiol is the most potent and abundant estrogen, it is secreted by the ovarian follicle granulosa cells and also by the corpus luteum. testosterone is the hormone responsible for the emergence of secondary sexual characteristics, sperm production and increased sexual drive, aggression, height growth and physical strength, among others. There are many differences in body composition between both sexes, and those differences are also present in the hormones concentration. While estradiol is 8 times greater after puberty in females, this number is 20 times greatern in males, when we are talking about testosterone
Answer:
Comparative anatomy.
Explanation:
Comparative anatomy is a branch of science in which we study about similarities and differences present in different organisms. This type of study is very important for the classification of living organisms. Comparative anatomy tells us about the evolution of an organism. Scientists study DNA, embronic structure and the internal structure of species to see the evolution of different organisms.
