<span>A few examples of reptiles are alligators, crocodiles, turtles, and snakes. </span>A few examples of amphibians are <span>salamanders, toads, and frogs. One difference between the two is the structure of their outer skin. </span>Reptiles<span> are covered with scales, shields, or plates, and their toes have claws.</span>
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Explanation: As microorganisms, in particular bacteria, are found virtually everywhere, harmful microorganisms may be reduced to acceptable levels rather than actually eliminated. In food preparation, microorganisms are reduced by preservation methods such as cooking, cleanliness of utensils, short storage periods, or by low temperatures.
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I think that birds have different bill lengths because of their habitats and their diet. Also natural selection and evolution has also played a factor due to the fact that birds have not always looked the way that they do now, for example the Archaeopteryx a bird that lived around the time of the dinosaurs had a shorter and more powerful bill to grind insects and small mammals
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The coastal ocean seems to be more productive than the waters of the similar height in the open ocean due to ample availability of water, sunlight, and nutrients. The coastal ocean has more nutrients due to the process of upwelling, that is, movement of water offshore by the currents.
Also, water situated on the continental shelves is comparatively shallower and thus it is turbulent. This mixing or turbulence keeps settling the nutrients stirred up and accessible, and eventually, ample of nutrients erode off the continents themselves and so water nearby to the shore seems to be greater in nutrients.
On the other hand, in the surface water away from the coastlines, usually, there is a lot of sunlight but no availability of adequate nutrients. Therefore, the majority of the ocean surface is not much productive.
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