Deep inside the core of the sun, protons can collide into eachother with enough speed that they stick together to form a helium nucleus and generate a big amount of energy at the same time.
Answer: mitosis.
During DNA replication a pair of chromosomes of from one cell genders two duplicated chromosomes (so the number of chromosomes is duplicated), then in the mitosis process the cell split into two identical cells each with half of the duplicated chromosomes, so at the end one cell with two chromosomes form two cells each with two chromosomes. So, the new generation of cells has the same number of chromosomes.
They are all eukaryotic, I hope this was the answer you were looking for :D
Around 93 million miles (150 million kilometers) away.
Homologous chromosomes, is a pair of chromosome connected by a centromere. In sexual reproduction, the chromosome of the mother and the chromosome of the father pairs together.