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guapka [62]
3 years ago
15

A sample of blood pressure measurements is taken from a data set and those values​ (mm Hg) are listed below. The values are matc

hed so that subjects each have systolic and diastolic measurements. Find the mean and median for each of the two samples and then compare the two sets of results. Are the measures of center the best statistics to use with these​ data? What else might be​ better?
Mathematics
1 answer:
swat323 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

Systolic. Calculate the mean

118+128+158+96+156+122+116+136+126+120+

=1276÷10 = 127.6.

To calculate the median arrange the values from the lowest to the highest.

96,116,118,120,122,126,128,136,156,158.

122+126+2=124.

Disastolic

80+76+74+52+90+88+58+64+72+82= 736÷10=73.6

To calculate the median arrange the values from the lowest to the highest.

52,58,64,72,74,76,80,82,88,90

Median= 74+76=150÷2=75.

Comparison

The Systolic and diastolic blood pressure measures different things, so comparing them is of no use.

It will be good if the relationship between the blood pressure can be investigated because the data are in pairs.

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The CPA Practice Advisor reports that the mean preparation fee for 2017 federal income tax returns was $273. Use this price as t
skad [1K]

Answer:

a) 0.6212 = 62.12% probability that the mean price for a sample of 30 federal income tax returns is within $16 of the population mean.

b) 0.7416 = 74.16% probability that the mean price for a sample of 50 federal income tax returns is within $16 of the population mean.

c) 0.8804 = 88.04% probability that the mean price for a sample of 100 federal income tax returns is within $16 of the population mean.

d) None of them ensure, that one which comes closer is a sample size of 100 in option c), to guarantee, we need to keep increasing the sample size.

Step-by-step explanation:

To solve this question, we need to understand the normal probability distribution and the central limit theorem.

Normal Probability Distribution

Problems of normal distributions can be solved using the z-score formula.

In a set with mean \mu and standard deviation \sigma, the z-score of a measure X is given by:

Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}

The Z-score measures how many standard deviations the measure is from the mean. After finding the Z-score, we look at the z-score table and find the p-value associated with this z-score. This p-value is the probability that the value of the measure is smaller than X, that is, the percentile of X. Subtracting 1 by the p-value, we get the probability that the value of the measure is greater than X.

Central Limit Theorem

The Central Limit Theorem establishes that, for a normally distributed random variable X, with mean \mu and standard deviation \sigma, the sampling distribution of the sample means with size n can be approximated to a normal distribution with mean \mu and standard deviation s = \frac{\sigma}{\sqrt{n}}.

For a skewed variable, the Central Limit Theorem can also be applied, as long as n is at least 30.

The CPA Practice Advisor reports that the mean preparation fee for 2017 federal income tax returns was $273. Use this price as the population mean and assume the population standard deviation of preparation fees is $100.

This means that \mu = 273, \sigma = 100

A) What is the probability that the mean price for a sample of 30 federal income tax returns is within $16 of the population mean?

Sample of 30 means that n = 30, s = \frac{100}{\sqrt{30}}

The probability is the p-value of Z when X = 273 + 16 = 289 subtracted by the p-value of Z when X = 273 - 16 = 257. So

X = 289

Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}

By the Central Limit Theorem

Z = \frac{X - \mu}{s}

Z = \frac{289 - 273}{\frac{100}{\sqrt{30}}}

Z = 0.88

Z = 0.88 has a p-value of 0.8106

X = 257

Z = \frac{X - \mu}{s}

Z = \frac{257 - 273}{\frac{100}{\sqrt{30}}}

Z = -0.88

Z = -0.88 has a p-value of 0.1894

0.8106 - 0.1894 = 0.6212

0.6212 = 62.12% probability that the mean price for a sample of 30 federal income tax returns is within $16 of the population mean.

B) What is the probability that the mean price for a sample of 50 federal income tax returns is within $16 of the population mean?

Sample of 30 means that n = 50, s = \frac{100}{\sqrt{50}}

X = 289

Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}

By the Central Limit Theorem

Z = \frac{X - \mu}{s}

Z = \frac{289 - 273}{\frac{100}{\sqrt{50}}}

Z = 1.13

Z = 1.13 has a p-value of 0.8708

X = 257

Z = \frac{X - \mu}{s}

Z = \frac{257 - 273}{\frac{100}{\sqrt{50}}}

Z = -1.13

Z = -1.13 has a p-value of 0.1292

0.8708 - 0.1292 = 0.7416

0.7416 = 74.16% probability that the mean price for a sample of 50 federal income tax returns is within $16 of the population mean.

C) What is the probability that the mean price for a sample of 100 federal income tax returns is within $16 of the population mean?

Sample of 30 means that n = 100, s = \frac{100}{\sqrt{100}}

X = 289

Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}

By the Central Limit Theorem

Z = \frac{X - \mu}{s}

Z = \frac{289 - 273}{\frac{100}{\sqrt{100}}}

Z = 1.6

Z = 1.6 has a p-value of 0.9452

X = 257

Z = \frac{X - \mu}{s}

Z = \frac{257 - 273}{\frac{100}{\sqrt{100}}}

Z = -1.6

Z = -1.6 has a p-value of 0.0648

0.9452 - 0.0648 =

0.8804 = 88.04% probability that the mean price for a sample of 100 federal income tax returns is within $16 of the population mean.

D) Which, if any of the sample sizes in part (a), (b), and (c) would you recommend to ensure at least a .95 probability that the same mean is withing $16 of the population mean?

None of them ensure, that one which comes closer is a sample size of 100 in option c), to guarantee, we need to keep increasing the sample size.

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