The answer is; desertification
Topsoil is usually the riches soil in terms of nutrient is important in support of plant vegetation. It is rich because it contains humus and other decomposed materials that recycle nutrients. When the topsoil is washed away, the local region becomes barren in that it cannot support vegetation. This causes the area to turn into a desert.
If those are the only answers i would say mutualism
Process by which the internal structure of a mineral is altered by the addition or removal of elements. Change in phase (mineral type) and composition are due to the action of chemical agents. Chemical weathering is dependent on available surface for reaction temperature and presence of chemically active fluids.
The answer should be A capillaries
