The U.S. Supreme Court hands down its decision on Sanford v. Dred Scott, a case that intensified national divisions over the issue of slavery.
In 1834, Dred Scott, a slave, had been taken to Illinois, a free state, and then Wisconsin territory, where the Missouri Compromise of 1820 prohibited slavery. Scott lived in Wisconsin with his master, Dr. John Emerson, for several years before returning to Missouri, a slave state. In 1846, after Emerson died, Scott sued his master’s widow for his freedom on the grounds that he had lived as a resident of a free state and territory. He won his suit in a lower court, but the Missouri supreme court reversed the decision. Scott appealed the decision, and as his new master, J.F.A. Sanford, was a resident of New York, a federal court decided to hear the case on the basis of the diversity of state citizenship represented. After a federal district court decided against Scott, the case came on appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court, which was divided along slavery and antislavery lines; although the Southern justices had a majority.
During the trial, the antislavery justices used the case to defend the constitutionality of the Missouri Compromise, which had been repealed by the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854. The Southern majority responded by ruling on March 6, 1857, that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional and that Congress had no power to prohibit slavery in the territories. Three of the Southern justices also held that African Americans who were slaves or whose ancestors were slaves were not entitled to the rights of a federal citizen and therefore had no standing in court. These rulings all confirmed that, in the view of the nation’s highest court, under no condition did Dred Scott have the legal right to request his freedom. The Supreme Court’s verdict further inflamed the irrepressible differences in America over the issue of slavery, which in 1861 erupted with the outbreak of the American Civil War.
Answer:
d) Positive outlook and positive expectations.
Explanation:
Being optimistic means to have a positive expectation for what is to come in the future. So, optimism is a tendency towards a positive outlook and a positive expectation in one's life.
This mental attitude of a person reflects an individual's approach towards the events of life. This optimism is the positive attitude and hope for a better future or outcome of an individual's actions/ future. Thus, we can rightly say that optimism is a tendency toward a positive outlook and positive expectations.
<span>The Removal Act that was passed by Congress on May 28, 1830 gave
the president the power to bargain in the relocation of southern Indian tribes to
federal land in return for their ancestral land. It was genocide because many Indians were
forced out of their ancestral lands and many were killed by disease during
their travel to federal territory. Those
who resisted were killed due to disease and many conflicts came about as some
of the Indians fought back. Among the
tribes who suffered under this act were the Cherokee, Choctaw, Seminole, Chickasaws
and Creek. Many more died on the Trail
of Tears.</span>
<span>Advantages of socialism related to economic planning include an ability to make good use of land, labor and resources, as well as avoiding excess or insufficient production.</span>
<u>Psychotherapy </u>can be described as the use of psychological techniques to increase understanding and treat emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal problems.
Psychotherapy is a psychological method that helps change behavior, increase happiness, and overcome problems, especially if it is based on regular face-to-face interaction. is the use of Psychotherapy aimed at improving a person's well-being and mental health, resolving or alleviating destructive behaviors, beliefs, impulses, thoughts, or feelings, and improving relationships and social skills.
Numerous forms of psychotherapy have been developed for individual adults, families, children, and adolescents. Certain types of psychotherapy are considered evidence-based for treating diagnosed mental disorders. Other types have been criticized as pseudoscience.
There are hundreds of techniques in psychotherapy, some of which are subtle variations. Others are based on very different understandings of psychology. Most involve individual sessions between clients and therapists, but some are done in groups, including families.
Learn more about Psychotherapy here: brainly.com/question/9360511
#SPJ4
