Augustinian friar Gregor<span> Johann </span><span>Mendel.
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Because nerves are the transmitters of messages from the brain to the structure, and all major nerves are found in the spinal cord leading out to the rest of the body. If the nervous tissue is damaged then the brain can no longer send messages to those parts of the body, and they an no longer react causint paralysis.
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The answer is D. For producing recombinant, first you need to cut the insert part and vector part to get the same end by using restriction enzyme. Then using DNA ligase to bind these two parts to get a new plasmids.