Question

According to Darwin's theory of evolution, how do new species evolve?

Answer 1

Answer:

According to Darwin's theory of evolution, new species evolved as a result of natural selection.

Explanation:

• Darwin proposed that speciation could readily occur through the prolonged action of Natural selection.
• Natural selection allows the 'survival of the fittest' i.e. a more fit organism will have a better chance of survival than the less fit one.
• The result of Natural selection could be positive,negative or balancing.
• Evolutionary process in which the genetic changes confer a higher fitness to increase frequency of the organism over time in population is called positive selection.
• Evolutionary process in which genetic changes decreases the organism's fitness resulting in its disappearance from the population is called Negative selection.
• It may happen that a mutation benefits hetero-zygotes but not homo-zygotes and alleles maintain a intermediate frequency in population.This evolutionary process is called balancing selection.