Answer:
Before-tax cost of debt ⇒ A. The interest rate the firm must pay on new long-term borrowing.
This refers to the interest rate that a firm will pay on long term borrowing as compensation to the lenders for lending the company some funds.
Cost of preferred stock ⇒ C. rate of return investors require based on the preferred stock dividend.
The cost of the preferred stock is the rate of the preferred dividend that investors require they are paid every year if dividends can be paid and sometimes even when it cannot.
Cost of Common Stock ⇒ B. the rate of return on retained earnings, and adjusted for flotation costs .
Commons stock costs is the required return on the retained earnings of a company.
WACC ⇒ D. the average cost of raising new financing.
Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) represents the total cost of raising capital for the company as it incorporates the costs of debt, preferred stock and common stock.
Answer:
The correct answer is letter "D": All securities in an efficient market are zero net present value investments.
Explanation:
The Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) states that neither public or insider information cannot help in an attempt to beat the market because stocks already show all available information possible. Thus, neither using technical or fundamental analysis could be useful to predict future stock price movement.
<em>In other words, in a market under EMH all stocks are zero Net Present Value (present value inflows minus present value outflows) investment vehicles.</em>
Answer:
US specialisation in TV can be stated on the basis of Absolute Advantage, not comparative advantage.
Explanation:
Absolute Advantage is when a country can produce more output per input of a commodity, than other country.
Comparative Advantage is when a country can produce a good at lower opportunity cost (in terms of other sacrifised)
China can produce more (ie 5 units television) per hour employed, compared to US able to produce lesser (3 units) in the same time. So, on the basis of Absolute Advantage, it can be stated that US should specialise in TV production.
However, since other good's details have not been given. So, we cannot attain the relative opportunity costs. Hence, specialisation on the basis of comparative advantage can't be stated.
Answer:
The monarchs continued to challenge Parliament's authority.
Explanation:
Following the English Civil War, tensions between the monarchs and Parliament began to grow. Queen Elizabeth did not leave any heir, therefore, James I began the Stuart Dynasty. James I believed in Divine Rule, which was in oppose of Queen Elizabeth's rule who worked with Parliament.
After the English Civil War, the monarchs continues to challenge Parliament's authority. During Restoration monarchs, Charles II and James II, Parliament and monarchs were in conflict with each other.
Therefore, option C is correct.
