Answer:

Explanation:
Given Information:







There are 3 possible cases
1. Location of reference word is in cache

2. Location of reference word is not in cache but in main memory

3. Location of reference word is neither in cache nor in main memory


The average time required to access a referenced word on this system is simply the sum of above 3 cases

I’m going to assume the ? is dividing and if that’s the case X = 1
Answer:
d) 13 people
Explanation:
According to the Pigeonhole Principle, it states that given that several X commodities are placed into Y containers, and the number of X commodities is greater than the number of Y containers, then there will be a minimum of one Y container having more than one X commodities.
Hence, in this case, since the month is 12 in numbers, then to have at least two people in the group whose birthdays fall in the same month, the group must be at least 13 people.