Answer: Nucleotides are the monomers used for DNA synthesis. The mix also contains a template, DNA taq polymerase, buffer, reverse and foward primer and magnesium ions.
Explanation:
A PCR master mix is a premixed solution that has all of the components for a Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This reaction is a laboratory technique that amplifies small fragments of DNA into millions of copies.
The master mix used for that contains dNTPs (nucleotides). In the DNA there are four types of nucleotides that are differentiated by the nitrogen base they have: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C) and thymine (T).
<u>Since nucleotides are the monomers that make DNA, they are found in the mix because they are the material for DNA synthesis.</u>
The reaction mixture also requires;
- DNA template, the sequence of DNA to be amplified
- DNA taq polymerase, a heat resistant enzyme that assembles nucleotides into a new DNA
- Salt buffer, for an optimum ionic environment and pH
- Oligonucleotide primers (reverse and foward), pieces of DNA complementary to the template. Each hybridizes with one of the DNA chains.
- Magnesium ions, a catalyst required by DNA polymerase to work
Because it can induce osmosis.
The best solution for intravenous in most condition is isotonic because it will not upset the oncotic pressure of the blood. If you use hypertonic or hypotonic solution, the oncotic pressure can be altered and causing osmosis happen to the cell. The osmosis can cause injury to the cell as its water content will be changed.
Answer:
DNA vaccines consist of DNA vectors or plasmids (small double-stranded DNA rings originally derived from bacteria, but unable to cause infection) into which the genes encoding one or more immunizing proteins of the infectious agent have been inserted causing the disease to be prevented.
Explanation:
Vectors are the functional unit of naked DNA vaccines. Genes that encode the proteins of interest and are of bacterial origin are inserted into these vectors. Bacterial plasmids are circular DNA molecules that self-replicate extrachromosomally in bacteria. The genes encoded in these plasmids are under the control of promoters, almost always of viral origin. When a plasmid is introduced into the cell it translocates to the nucleus, where transcription of the transgene begins; the transcripts are then taken to the cytoplasm and translated there. The newly synthesized proteins are degraded in the proteasome to 8-10 amino acid peptides, which are transported to the endoplasmic reticulum. Peptides of high affinity with their respective MHC I molecule stabilize and enter the secretory pathway, thus reaching the cell surface, where they are coupled with the T-lymphocyte receptor (TcR) present on the surface of T lymphocytes cytotoxic drugs (CD8 +) to induce their activation.
Combinations result in the street because two mosquitoes can have bigger or smaller smaller bodies there but he has a small body
