A torn rotator cuff is likely but in all its most likely a thrown out shoulder due to the strain of the force of the throw
Animal action is physical weathering
Color I believe because if a diamond was the same color as coal(black) you couldn’t tell a difference
Global warming is the answer
Because human DNA is so very long (with up to 80 million base pairs in a chromosome) it unzips at multiple places along its length so that the replication process is going on simultaneously and more accurately.
