I believe the answer is: Conditioned response
Conditioned response refers to a learned response that happen after pairing a certain trigger with a certain situation. Since maria's is used to experience the feeling of more awake after consuming coffee, the smell of the coffee itself would trigger a certain response in her brain that change her bodily function to make her feel more awake.
The French revolutionaries killed all of the people of prominent position, including the king and queen.
Humans shouldn’t fidget with the course of nature, because it leads to more and more problems.
In the United States, sociology was first taught as an academic discipline at the University of Kansas in 1890, at the University of Chicago in 1892, and at Atlanta University in 1897.
Source (www.sparknotes.com/sociology/introduction-to-sociology/section1.rhtml)
A group leader who allows complete freedom for discussions and decisions, but participates in neither is a <span>laissez faire leader.</span>