(10-5r)^2=(10-5r)(10-5r) or 25r^2-100r+100 divide the whole thing by 5 and get 5(5r^2-20r+20) divide the whole thing by 5 again 25(r^2-4r+4) factor by finding what two numbers add to get -4 and multiply to get 4 (-2 and -2 work) r^2-4r+4=(r-2)(r-2) or 25((r-2)^2)