The characteristics or features that an organism has, such as eye color, skin color, hair color, tall or short is called a trait. In order for a trait to show up in the offspring, there should be two alleles present. One coming from the father, and the other from the mother. When fertilization occurs, the new offspring will have two alleles for every trait. The combination one has (coming from the father and from the mother) is called genotype. The two matching alleles is called homozygous while the two different alleles is called heterozygous. The allele that is expressed in heterozygous individuals is the dominant allele, while the allele that is not expressed is the recessive allele. The traits that are expressed make up you phenotype.
Answer:
1. Arsenic, benzene, formaldehyde, lead, and mercury are just a few of the more than 70 cancer-causing chemicals in cigarette smoke.
2.They work, for instance, to keep the airways clear of mucus and dirt, allowing us to breathe easily and without irritation. They also help propel sperm.
3.Spirometry measures how much air you can breathe in and out. It also measures how fast you can empty the air out of your lungs. Spirometry helps diagnose breathing problems such as asthma and COPD.
4.
Tar causes cancer of the lungs, mouth and throat.
Answer:
A strand of DNA comprises pyrimidines, that is, cytosine and thymine and purines, that is, adenine and guanine. Of these pairing takes place between thymine and adenine and guanine and cytosine. Thus, it can be said that in DNA, the amount of adenine is corresponding to thymine, and the concentration of guanine is corresponding to cytosine. Hence, the given first statement is correct.
DNA gives an appearance of a helical structure, in which each of the helices comprises approximately 10 nucleotides within them. Hence, the given second statement is also correct.
The strands of DNA found in a helical structure are complementary to each other, or it can also be stated that the nucleotides present in one strand of the DNA are found in opposite direction and orientation with respect to the second strand of the DNA. The phosphodiester bonds play an essential function in combining a molecule of sugar of one nucleotide with the molecule of phosphate of the adjacent nucleotide. Hence, the given fourth statement is also correct.
