Question

Many important biochemicals are organic acids, such as pyruvic acid ( p K a = 2.50 ) and lactic acid ( p K a = 3.86 ) . The conjugate bases are pyruvate and lactate, respectively. For each acid, determine which form—the acid or the conjugate base—predominates at pH 7.4. A graphic shows a check mark inscribed on a colored circle. 6

Answer 1

Answer:

Pyruvic acid: conjugate base

Lactic acid: conjugate base

Explanation:

The ratio of conjugate base to conjugate acid can be found using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation when the pH and pKa are known.

pH = pKa + log([A⁻]/[HA])

The equation can be rearranged to solve for the ratio:

pH - pKa = log([A⁻]/[HA])

[A⁻]/[HA] = 10^(pH-pKa)

Now we can calculate the ratio for the pyruvic acid:

[A⁻]/[HA] = 10^(pH-pKa) = 10^(7.4 - 2.50) = 79433

[A⁻] = 79433[HA]

There is a much higher concentration of the conjugate base.

Similarly for lactic acid:

[A⁻]/[HA] = 10^(pH-pKa) = 10^(7.4 - 3.86) = 3467

[A⁻] = 3467[HA]

For lactic acid the conjugate base also dominates at pH 7.4