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Morgarella [4.7K]
3 years ago
14

Which of the following pairs are the best examples of homologous structures?(a) bat wing and human hand(b) owl wing and hornet w

ing(c) porcupine quill and cactus spine(d) bat forelimb and bird wing(e) Australian mole and North American mole
Biology
1 answer:
Lena [83]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

(a) bat wing and human hand

Explanation:

The homologous structures are structures at living organisms that are the same, very similar, or have the same function, despite the organisms having different appearance. This can mostly be seen in the bones of the animals, and this type of structures more often then not suggest a distant common ancestor between the species. Usually the homologous structures appear among animals from the same class, so it can be expected that animals from the mammalia class can have these structures, or animals from the reptilia etc. In this case we have the bat wing and the human hand. Both have similar bone structure, and the function of the bones in the bat wing and the human hand is also similar. Both of them are in the class of mammalia, and they do share a very distant common ancestor in the small shrew-like mammals during the reign of the dinosaurs.

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Answer:

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The blood Group of Mother is O. The Blood Group of the Child is B. Man Exonerated If He to Blood Group?​
aalyn [17]

Answer:

If the mother's blood type is O, and the child's blood type is B, a man would be exonerated from paternity if he has blood type A or O.

Explanation:

In the above case, if a mother has blood type O and her child has blood type B, a man can be exonerated from paternity only if his blood type is A or O, and responsible if he is type B or AB.

The blood type is defined by the presence of surface antigens in the red blood cell, called A and B. The presence of each antigen is determined by a gene present on the parental chromosomes.

  • <em> </em><u><em>Blood type A</em></u><em> corresponds to the presence of gene A, and its genotypic expression can be A/A or A/O. </em>
  • <u><em>Type B blood</em></u><em>, whose genotype is B/B or B/O, is due to the presence of a gene containing the B antigen. </em>
  • <u><em>AB blood</em></u><em> —due to codominance— has one gene for A and another for B, with genotype A/B. </em>
  • <em>Blood type O, characterised by the absence of surface antigens, behaves like a recessive trait, which only manifests itself in the absence of surface antigens A and B. The genotype is O/O. </em>

By making a hypothetical crossing between mother and man, one can observe why he can be exonerated.

<u>Man with blood type O </u>

♂ O|O

♀ O|O

Alleles     O      O

O           O|O   O|O

O           O|O   O|O

The only possibility, in this case, is to have children with type O blood. No chance of children B.

<u>Male with blood type A </u>

♂ A|O

♀ O|O

Alleles     A        O

O            A|O    O|O

O            A|O    O|O

In this case there is a 50% chance that the children will be blood type A and 50% chance that they will be O. No chance of children B.

In the case of a man A|A the result is 100% probability of children A|O, and no probability of children B.

<em>So, a </em><em>man with blood types A (any genotype) and O, can be exonerated from paternity</em><em>, since it is </em><em>impossible for him to have a child of blood type B, when the mother is of blood type O</em>.

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