Answer:
<h3>4. all of the above.</h3>
Explanation:
The concept of utilitarianism simply asserts that actions are determined, whether they are good or bad, by the results it brings. It takes into account only the results of an action. The purpose of this concept is to make a society better by maximizing the amount of good things while reducing the amount of bad things.
Utilitarians rejects moral conducts and systems controlled by a board of higher authority. And does not belief in the orders and rules which are constructed on the lines of customs, traditions, or other supernatural elements.
Here, the reasons to reject utilitarianism includes all the given reasons. Utilitarianism believes that actions done by an individual for his own pleasure is a basic fundamental reasoning. It does not take into account the greater pleasure of the people.
Utilitarianism advocates individual's interest and ignores the interests of other people focusing only on one's egoistic self interest in their quests for the greatest pleasure.
Utilitarians believe that humans are capable of distinguishing good and bad by nature. Therefore, every action done by him/her is for the purposes of achieving the greatest pleasure.
Answer:
There are four forces of evolution: mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection. Mutation creates new genetic variation in a gene pool. Gene flow and genetic drift alter allele frequencies in a gene pool
In the English-speaking part of the world, two-party system is the most common. For example, in the US the two parties are the Democrats and the Republicans.
In many other countries three-and multiple party systems are more common and it is uncommon that a government is not a coalition of two parties (with one or more parties in the opposition)
