Explanation:
For transfer of heat between any two substances or matter can be occurred by conduction or convection process.
Conduction is a process in which two objects of different temperature are placed in contact with each other. Therefore, heat transfers from hotter object to colder object until the temperature of both objects becomes equal.
For example, a metal spoon placed in a hot cup of tea.
Convection is a process in which a fluid generally liquid or gas is heated and denser material (colder) sinks at the bottom whereas less denser material (hotter) rises at the top. This causes conventional currents in the fluid.
For example, heating rice in a pot full of water.
Plant growth and pressure release !
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<u>Explanation:</u>
RxNet is an open online community, consolidating scientists from the domains of chemistry, biochemistry and expanding industry of drug innovation and improvement. Compounding presents an innovative way for pharmacists to customize prescriptions to suit the requirements of their patients.
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<u>Answer:</u> The
for the reaction is 51.8 kJ.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Hess’s law of constant heat summation states that the amount of heat absorbed or evolved in a given chemical equation remains the same whether the process occurs in one step or several steps.
According to this law, the chemical equation is treated as ordinary algebraic expressions and can be added or subtracted to yield the required equation. This means that the enthalpy change of the overall reaction is equal to the sum of the enthalpy changes of the intermediate reactions.
The chemical equation for the reaction of carbon and water follows:

The intermediate balanced chemical reaction are:
(1)
( × 2)
(2)
( × 2)
(3)

The expression for enthalpy of the reaction follows:
![\Delta H^o_{rxn}=[2\times \Delta H_1]+[2\times \Delta H_2]+[1\times (-\Delta H_3)]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5CDelta%20H%5Eo_%7Brxn%7D%3D%5B2%5Ctimes%20%5CDelta%20H_1%5D%2B%5B2%5Ctimes%20%5CDelta%20H_2%5D%2B%5B1%5Ctimes%20%28-%5CDelta%20H_3%29%5D)
Putting values in above equation, we get:
![\Delta H^o_{rxn}=[(2\times (-393.7))+(2\times (-285.9))+(1\times -(-1411))]=51.8kJ](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5CDelta%20H%5Eo_%7Brxn%7D%3D%5B%282%5Ctimes%20%28-393.7%29%29%2B%282%5Ctimes%20%28-285.9%29%29%2B%281%5Ctimes%20-%28-1411%29%29%5D%3D51.8kJ)
Hence, the
for the reaction is 51.8 kJ.
An atom typically has a neutral charge, as in most cases an atom has the same amount of positively charged protons as it does negatively charged electrons.
Atoms that do not have the same amount of electrons as protons are known as isotopes.