An outlier is a number that is far away or different from the other numbers in a data set. Even if they are close to each other, there might be something else that is different.
Notice that all the decimals EXCEPT for 8.0 and 10.8 have 9 as their whole number. Even if they are near each other, they still have a different whole number. Therefore, the outliers are 8.0 and 10.8
If it's 8 to 2 and you multiply the ratio (x to 16) you just do to one side what you did to the other. So, if you multiplied one part of the ratio by 8, you do the same to the other. 8*8 = 64 and 2*8 = 16
