Which diagram represents an element that is likely to form covalent bonds
2 answers:
The picture of correct answer is attached it is the second one from the left since it has 5 electrons in outermost shell so it can share 3 electrons to complete the octet rule, while first one contains only one electron in outermost shell so it easier to be lost, third one has 8 electrons so it has complete valence shell and last one with only two electrons in outermost shell so it is easier to lose these two electrons.
from 5 to 7 electrons on outermost shell can form covalent bond
from 5 to 7 electrons on outermost shell can form covalent bond
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The enthalpy of reaction for the combustion of ethane 2CH₃CH₃ + 7O₂ → 4CO₂ + 6H₂O calculated from the average bond energies of the compounds is -2860 kJ/mol.
The reaction is:
2CH₃CH₃ + 7O₂ → 4CO₂ + 6H₂O (1)
The enthalpy of reaction (1) is given by:
(2)
Where:
r: is for reactants
p: is for products
The bonds of the compounds of reaction (1) are:
- 2CH₃CH₃: 2 moles of 6 C-H bonds + 2 moles of 1 C-C bond
- 7O₂: 7 moles of 1 O=O bond
- 4CO₂: 4 moles of 2 C=O bonds
- 6H₂O: 6 moles of 2 H-O bonds
Hence, the enthalpy of reaction (1) is (eq 2):
Therefore, the enthalpy of reaction for the combustion of ethane is -2860 kJ/mol.
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