Cell division<span> is part of the life cycle of virtually all</span>cells<span>. </span>Cell division<span> is the </span>process<span> in which one </span>cell<span>divides to form two new </span>cells<span>. Most </span>prokaryotic cells<span>divide by the </span>process<span> of binary fission. In eukaryotes,</span>cell division<span> occurs in two major steps: mitosis and cytokinesis.</span>
The wing of a bat is homologous to the flipper of a whale. Homologous structures are structures that have a similar ancestries and common traits but maybe not have the same function in an organism. For example the arm of a human, the wing of a bird or a bat, the leg of a dog and the flipper of a dolphin or whale are homologous structures.
Top-down effects imply control through predation, including fishery, while
bottom-up effects imply control through food abundance, often thought to be driven by climate or nutrient load.
<h3>What is Top down regulation ?</h3>
The top-down effect refers to a higher trophic level influences the community structure of a lower trophic level through predation.
<h3>What is Bottom up regulation ?</h3>
The bottom-up effect means that a lower trophic level in the biological network affects the community structure of higher trophic levels by means of resource restriction
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