~Hello
Fossils are one of the best evidence of evolution, mainly because they are the remains of living organisms from the past, which allow us to compare them with living organisms. However, the fossil record is notoriously incomplete and it is also biased in favor of animals with hard body parts, such as skeletons and shells. Soft bodied organisms and soft body parts are rarely preserved and there are often huge gaps in some evolutionary sequences. For example, Archaeopteryx is the earliest known bird, but it is already a bird, nothwithstanding some of the features that are unquestionably reptilian. The earliest known reptile with feathers is Longisquama, but there is a gap of some 75 million years between Longisquama and Archaeopteryx, and nothing has yet been found that are intermediate between these two important fossils.
Finally, DNA is virtually unobtainable from fossils, making it nearly impossible to compare the DNA of most fossils with living organisms. In terms of phylogenetic tree construction, DNA data is far superior to fossil evidence. However, if not for the existence of fossils, DNA data alone would be unconvincing as evidence of evolutionary change.
~ Hope this could help
Answer:
The correct answer will be option-B.
Explanation:
The patellar tendon reflex is the kicking movement of the lower leg in response to the tap on patellar cap used to test the L2, L3, and L4 segments of the spinal cord in the body.
The spinal cord interacts with muscles through muscle sensors called muscle spindle which signals after the stretching of the muscle. The signals are sent to the spinal cord through afferent neurons or sensory neurons which starts the reflex action to prevent overstretching of the muscle.
Thus, Option-B is the correct answer.
B. To explain how things work
You are asking the question wrong. The name of the number is frequency.
An insertion mutation occurs when an extra nucleotide is added to the DNA strand during replication. This can happen when the replicating strand "slips," or wrinkles, which allows the extra nucleotide to be incorporated (Figure 2). Strand slippage can also lead to deletion mutations. I’m not sure if this right but I tried
