Name the area on a cladogram that represents the point from which the species split from the ancestor.
1 answer:
Answer: Node
Explanation:
Cladograms are a graphical representation of the evolutionary relationship between organisms. These are usually shown as branches from a central point, which represents a common ancestor. In rooted cladograms, the branches are shown relative to the time elapsed since evolving from a common ancestor joined at the node, or point of divergence.
Evolution typically occurs after accumulating mutation, and natural selection of beneficial traits that confer greater chances for survival.
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Answer:
Alcohol fermentation
Explanation:
When oxygen availability is low, the cell can't perform aerobic respiration to breakdown glucose. Instead, anaerobic respiration must be performed. This occurs in cells which consume large amounts of energy, such as muscle cells. Anaerobic respiration produces much less energy than aerobic respiration
One type of anaerobic respiration formed by yeast is called alcohol fermentation (also called ethanol fermentation). This begins with glycolysis, where one molecule of glucose is broke down into 2 molecules of pyruvate. The energy from this reaction generates 2 molecules of ATP, and converts NAD+ to NADH.
Then, the two molecules of pyruvate are further broke down into 2 acetaldehydes (releasing two molecules of carbon dioxide as a by-product). These two molecules of acetaldehyde are then converted into tw molecules of ethanol, using the H ions from NADH, converting it back to NAD+. See the attached picture
This process is taken advantage of to brew beer and wine.
