D. Density increases is the correct answer!
<span>Classification systems change over time for a variety of reasons, but the basic gist of the matter is that as we learn more about the natural world around us, these systems change to fit in with and around the new information. Whilst it is worth learning the current system of classification, it is also important to remember that this could always change at any time.</span>
A force of 8 N will be required.
<h3><u>Explanation:</u></h3>
Mechanical advantage is defined as the ratio of output force from a system to the input force into the system. A machine which has the mechanical advantage more than 1 means it requires less force to give more force as output. Similarly, when the mechanical advantage for the machine is less than 1,it means more force is required to give to achieve a less one.
Here in the question, the mechanical advantage of the pulley is 2.
Output force required to pull the sack of potatoes upto kitchen is 16N.
Mechanical advantage = Output force / input force.
Or, 2= 16 / input force.
So input force = 
So a force of 8 N will be required to pull the pulley.