Question

Suppose concordance data were collected from a cohort study of twins to study the genetic contribution to the onset of type 1 diabetes, also called juvenile diabetes. Both monozygotic (identical) twins and dizygotic (fraternal) twins who grew up together in the same household were included. The concordance rate was found to be 68 % among monozygotic twin pairs and 5 % in dizygotic twin pairs.What general conclusion about type 1 diabetes can be drawn from these results?a. There is low penetrance of the type 1 diabetes phenotype. Therefore, genetic and environmental effects cannot be estimated.b. The heritability of type 1 diabetes is likely high, indicating that genetics plays a larger role in the development of type 1 diabetes than the environment. c. No results can be drawn because too many potential variables are present in the study to make a reliable conclusion about how twins develop type 1 diabetes. d. The environment plays a larger role in the development of type 1 diabetes than genetics, indicating that heritability is likely low.

Answer 1

Answer:

The heritability of type 1 diabetes is likely high, indicating that genetics plays a larger role in the development of type 1 diabetes than the environment.

Explanation:

Identical twins are formed when a single zygote separates into two embryos after the process of fertilization. Hence, these twins arise from the same egg and sperm.

Fraternal twins arise when two different sperms fertilize two eggs at the same time.

Hence, we can say that the genotype of the identical twins is similar.

The results from concordance data prove that genetics play a higher role in type 1 diabetes.