Answer:
C
Explanation:
Tetrodotozin is a sodium channel blocker. that is; it prevents the opening of sodium channels in the neuron needed for depolarization and action potential production.
T<u>he voltage gated sodium channels in the nerves and skeletal muscles are blocked, action potential are not generated from these areas,Therefore potassium channels are permanently open leading to hyper polarization, and since sodium channels can not open, they remain in refractory state, this leads to muscular paralysis leading to impairments of respiratory and cardiac functions.</u>
Specifically the paralysis of the diaphragm muscles, lead to collapse of the lungs, preventing breathing,leading to suffocation and death.
This is an example of competitive inhibition;The introduction of cholinergic acetycholine neurotransmitter reverses the blockage of sodium channels
A single human B cell can produce only D. 1 antibody.
It produces a single species of antibody, with unique antigen-binding site.
Answer:
While penetrance is a quantitative estimate, reduced expressivity (transmission) is a qualitative estimate.
Explanation:
<u>Penetration
</u>
Some individuals who carry the deleterious allele (for example, in an autosomal dominant disease) do not show the expected phenotype: in that case we say that the penetrance is incomplete. This is the case in which the number of individuals presenting an abnormal phenotype is less than the number of individuals carrying the mutation causing this phenotype. Penetrance is a quantitative estimate.
For example, in the case of neurofibromatosis type I, its penetration is estimated to be 80% although it is often difficult to detect mild variants of the disease. Therefore, in these cases it would be useful to be able to detect the different mutations in the affected families and thus establish more precisely the value of their penetrance.
<u>Expressiveness (transmission)</u>
The observed phenotype can be more or less severe among the different affected individuals. In this case it is said that the deleterious allele has a variable expressiveness. Expressiveness is a qualitative estimate.
In the case of Marfan syndrome, for the same mutation present in a family, some individuals show a severe form of the disease that affects the cardiovascular, ocular and skeletal system while others show only a high height and arachnodactyly, without eye problems or of aortic aneurysm.
Reduced penetrance and incomplete expressivity are mainly described in autosomal dominant diseases.
Do not confuse an isolated case due to poor penetrance with a sporadic case due to the appearance of a mutation.
Answer:
Enzyme-controlled chemical reactions combining carbon dioxide and glucose water. The photosynthetic rate is affected by the temperature much like any other enzyme-controlled reaction.
Explanation:
At low temperatures, the number of molecular collisions between enzymes and substrates limits the photosynthetic rate. Enzymes are denatured at high temperatures.
Enzymes are protein molecules used in biological reactions by living organisms. The proteins are folded in a very specific form, which enables them to effectively bind to the molecules of interest. The enzymes used for photosynthesis perform less efficiently at a low temperature between 32 and 50 degrees Fahrenheit 0, 10, and 10 degrees Celsius, which lowers the photosynthesis rate.This will lead to lower glucose synthesis and slow growth. In the case of plants in a greenhouse, this is prevented by installing a greenhouse heater and thermostat.
Rock A = It is a metamorphic rock that experienced tremendous heat and pressure due to massive, moving tectonic plates.
Metamorphic rocks are rocks that have been somewhat squished and transformed by heat and pressure. These rocks often have different layers as the rocks go through pressure and are literally look like rocks that have been piled up and then stuck together. The best indicator of this rock being a metamorphic rock is the wavy elongated stripes. The stripes are created from the different rock elements being pressed together over time.
Rock B = It is a sedimentary rock made primarily from lithification of organic material.
Sedimentary rocks are rocks that have been formed by different substances that come together due to the different weather conditions. The best indicator of this being a sedimentary rock is how the rock came together and looks like a bunch of shells were glued together.
Rock C = It is an igneous rock that was formed above Earth’s surface.
Most igneous rocks have smooth outer layers. These rocks are often made with solidified magma from volcanoes. The best indicator of this being an igneous rock is the indication of it being a solidified piece of magma.
